TOEFL PREDICTION: Reading Pack 1

1. Question 1- 10

PASSAGE 1

The phrase “ attachment to” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) control of

(B) distance from

(C) curiosity about

(D) preference for

2. Question 1- 10

The word “ protruding” in line 13 is closest in meaning to

(A) parallel

(B) simple

(C) projecting

(D) important

3. Question 1- 10

The relationship of a mortise and a tenon is most similar to that of

(A) a lock and a key

(B) a book and its cover

(C) a cup and a saucer

(D) a hammer and a nail

4. Question 1- 10

For what purpose did woodworkers use an auger

(A) To whittle a peg

(B) To make a tenon

(C) To drill a hole

(D) To measure a panel

5. Question 1- 10

Which of the following were NOT used in the construction of colonial furniture?

(A) Mortises

(B) Nails

(C) Hinges

(D) Screws

6. Question 1- 10

The author implies that colonial metalworkers were

(A) unable to make elaborate parts

(B) more skilled than woodworkers

(C) more conservative than other colonists

(D) frequently employed by joiners

7. Question 1- 10

The word “ shield” in line 23 is closest in meaning to

(A) decorate

(B) copy

(C) shape

(D) protect

8. Question 1- 10

The word “ they” in line 25 refers to

(A) designs

(B) types

(C) colonists

(D) all

9. Question 1- 10

The author implies that the colonial joiners

(A) were highly paid

(B) based their furniture on English models

(C) used many specialized tools

(D) had to adjust to using new kinds of wood in New England

10. Question 1- 10

Which of the following terms does the author explain in the passage?

(A) “ millennia” (line 5)

(B) “ joiners” (line 10)

(C) “ whittled” (line 15)

(D) “ blacksmiths” (line 21)

11. Question 11 – 20

READING TOEFL

Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?

(A) By the nineteenth century, forts were no longer used by the military.

(B) Surgeons at forts could not prevent outbreaks of disease.

(C) Forts were important to the development of the American West

(D) Life in nineteenth-century forts was very rough.

12. Question 11 – 20

READING TOEFL

The word “daring” in line 3 is closest in meaning to

(A) lost

(B) bold

(C) lively

(D) foolish

13. Question 11 – 20

READING TOEFL

Which of the following would a traveler be likely be LEAST likely to obtain at Fort Laramie?

(A) Fresh water

(B) Food

(C) Formal clothing

(D) Lodging

14. Question 11 – 20

READING TOEFL

The word “others” in line 8 refers to

(A) posts

(B) wagon trains

(C) frontiers

(D) highways

15. Question 11 – 20

The word “boosted” in line 15 is closest in meaning to

(A) influenced

(B) established

(C) raised

(D) maintained

16. Question 11 – 20

Which of the following is the most likely inference about the decision to promote gardening at forts?

(A) It was expensive to import produce from far away.

(B) Food brought in from outside was often spoiled

(C) Gardening was a way to occupy otherwise idle soldiers.

(D) The soil near the forts was very fertile

17. Question 11 – 20

According to the passage, which of the following posed the biggest obstacle to the development of military forts?

(A) Insufficient shelter

(B) Shortage of materials

(C) Attacks by wild animals

(D) Illness

18. Question 11 – 20

The word “inhibited” in line 24 is closest in meaning to

(A) involved

(B) exploited

(C) united

(D) hindered

19. Question 11 – 20

How did the military assists in the investigation of health problems?

(A) By registering annual birth and death rates

(B) By experiments with different building materials

(C) By maintaining records of diseases and potential causes

(D) By monitoring the soldiers’ diets

20. Question 11 – 20

The author organizes the discussion of forts by

(A) describing their locations

(B) comparing their sizes

(C) explaining their damage to the environment

(D) listing their contributions to western life

21. Question 21 – 30

What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) The location of fossils in North America

(B) The composition of fossils

(C) Determining the size and weight of fossils

(D) Procedures for analyzing fossils

22. Question 21 – 30

The word “counterpart” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) species

(B) version

(C) change

(D) material

23. Question 21 – 30

Why is fossilized bone heavier than ordinary bone?

(A) Bone tissue solidifies with age.

(B) The marrow cavity gradually fills with water

(C) The organic materials turn to stone

(D) Spaces within the bone fill with minerals.

24. Question 21 – 30

The word “pores” in line 7 is closest in meaning to:

(A) joints

(B) tissues

(C) lines

(D) holes

25. Question 21 – 30

What can be inferred about a fossil with a high degree of mineralization?

(A) It was exposed to large amounts of mineral-laden water throughout time.

(B) Mineralization was complete within one year of the animal’s death.

(C) Many colorful crystals can be found in such a fossil.

(D) It was discovered in western Canada.

26. Question 21 – 30

Which of the following factors is most important in determining the extent of mineralization in fossil bones?

(A) The age of fossil

(B) Environmental conditions

(C) The location of the bone in the animal’s body.

(D) The type of animal the bone came from

27. Question 21 – 30

Why does the author compare fossils found in western Canada to those found in Florida?

(A) To prove that a fossil’s age cannot be determined by the amount of mineralization.

(B) To discuss the large quantity of fossils found in both places

(C) To suggest that fossils found in both places were the same age.

(D) To explain why scientists are especially interested in Canadian fossils

28. Question 21 – 30

The word “it” in line 24 refers to

(A) hydroxyapatite

(B) microscopic structure

(C) crystal structure

(D) modern bone

29. Question 21 – 30

The word “detectable” in line 26 is closest in meaning to

(A) sizable

(B) active

(C) moist

(D) apparent

30. Question 21 – 30

Which of the following does NOT survive in fossils?

(A) Non-collagen proteins

(B) Hydroxyapatite

(C) Collagen

(D) Amino acid

31. Question 31 – 40

The new housing form discussed in the passage refers to

(A) single-family homes

(B) apartment buildings

(C) row houses

(D) hotels

32. Question 31 – 40

.The word “inviting” in line 7 is closest in meaning to

(A) open

(B) encouraging

(C) attractive

(D) asking

33. Question 31 – 40

Why was the Stuyvesant a limited success?

(A) The arrangement of the rooms was not convenient.

(B) Most people could not afford to live there.

(C) There were no shopping areas nearby.

(D) It was in a crowded neighborhood.

34. Question 31 – 40

The word “sumptuous” in line 9 is closest in meaning to

(A) luxurious

(B) unique

(C) modern

(D) distant

35. Question 31 – 40

It can be inferred that the typical New York building lot of the 1870’s and 1880’s looked MOST like which of the following?

(A) shape like “L” block

(B) shape like “triangle” block

(C) shape like “square” block

(D) shape like “rectangle” block

36. Question 31 – 40

It can be inferred that a New York apartment building in the 1870’s and 1880’s had all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

(A) Its room arrangement was not logical.

(B) It was rectangular.

(C) It was spacious inside.

(D) It had limited light.

37. Question 31 – 40

The word “yield” in line 15 is closest in meaning to

(A) harvest

(B) surrender

(C) amount

(D) provide

38. Question 31 – 40

Why did the idea of living in an apartment become popular in the late 1800’s?

(A) Large families needed housing with sufficient space.

(B) Apartments were preferable to tenements and cheaper than row houses

(C) The city officials of New York wanted housing that was centrally located.

(D) The shape of early apartments could accommodate a variety of interior designs.

39. Question 31 – 40

The author mentions the Dakota and the Ansonia in line 24 because

(A) they are examples of large, well-designed apartment buildings

(B) their design is similar to that of row houses

(C) they were built on a single building lot

(D) they are famous hotels

40. Question 31 – 40

It can be inferred that the majority of people who lived in New York’s first apartments were

(A) highly educated

(B) unemployed

(C) wealthy

(D) young

41. Question 41 – 50

The word “minute” in line 1 is closest in meaning to

(A) tiny

(B) quick

(C) clear

(D) sharp

42. Question 41 – 50

What is at the center of an ice crystal?

(A) A small snowflake

(B) A nucleus

(C) A drop of water

(D) A hexagon

43. Question 41 – 50

The word “adhere” in line 10 is closest in meaning to

(A) belong

(B) relate

(C) stick

(D) speed

44. Question 41 – 50

What is the main topic of the second paragraph?

(A) How ice crystals form

(B) How moisture affects temperature

(C) What happens when ice crystals melt

(D) Where the moisture to supply the nuclei comes from

45. Question 41 – 50

The word “it” in line 15 refers to

(A) snowfall

(B) snowflake

(C) cluster

(D) moisture

46. Question 41 – 50

Which of the following questions does the author answer in the first paragraph?

(A) Why are snowflakes hexagonal?

(B) What is the optimum temperature for snow?

(C) In which months does most snow fall?

(D) How are snowflakes formed?

47. Question 41 – 50

What is necessary for a snowfall to persist?

(A) A decrease in the number of snowflakes

(B) Lowered vapor pressure in ice crystals

(C) A continuous infusion of moisture

(D) A change in the direction of the airstream

48. Question 41 – 50

How do lake-effect snowstorms form?

(A) Water temperature drop below freezing.

(B) Moisture rises from a lake into the airstream.

(C) Large quantities of wet air come off a nearby mountain.

(D) Millions of ice crystals form on the surface of a large lake.

49. Question 41 – 50

The word “initiate” in line 24 is closest in meaning to

(A) enhance

(B) alter

(C) increase

(D) begin

50. Question 41 – 50

Which of the following could account for the lack of snowfall in a geographical location close to mountains and a major water source?

(A) Ground temperatures below the freezing point

(B) Too much moisture in the air

(C) Too much wind off the mountains

(D) Atmospheric temperatures above the freezing point.